The era of new Mars exploration has begun!Flying drones and observing with balloons (Smartflash) --Yahoo! News

Hot gaze on Mars (photo: NASA/JPL-CALTECH/GSFC/Univ.Of ARIZONA)

　2021 was a special year for Mars exploration. The new Mars Exploration era has begun. So, I would like to tell you the current situation of overheating Mars exploration. [Photo] The wilderness of Mars ■ Multiple and internationalization of Mars Exploration of Mars has opened a hole in Mars exploration, which was often led by the United States and Europe. From February 2021, the NASA (US Aeronautics and Space Bureau) Persivias, a congestive issue in China and three aircraft, and three spacecrices, began in February 2021. Various countries can reach Mars, and it is expected that future exploration activities will become more and more enriched. In the late 2020s, underground ice mapping missions (International Mars ICE Mapper Plan) are being considered in the United States, Canada, Italy, and Japan. In addition, in the 2030s, we are planning a Japanese -specific landing exploration. As the year of the beginning of this "multinational and internationalization of Mars exploration", 2021 will be engraved in the history of Mars exploration. ■ Drone first flight! NASA's Persivian resorvation brought the first "certain thing" to Mars to Mars. It is a drone. This drone, named Ingenuity (meaning ingenuity), is a simple construction like piercing a two -piece bamboo drain into a dice to grow your feet, but this is quite amazing.

Deep loan flying on Mars (photo: NASA/JPL-CALTECH)

　Successful flights more than 10 times so far, going to an undulations that Landers and Rover cannot be overcome, or taking a bird's -eye view from the sky, so that the small aircraft cannot be imagined. The "separation trick" is being released. In future exploration, drones may play a major role. ■ Various technical examinations have been made besides his drone looking at Mars from balloon. French films, "Great Balloons Travel" (1960), use plenty of beautiful images of streets and mountains overlooking the balloon. It is not expected that people will get into the balloon observation of Mars, but using a camera may see a wonderful balloon trip on the Mars, just like "Great Balloon Travel". In fact, the plan to use balloons on an overseas object has been studied for a relatively long time, and in 1985, the Soviet Union has succeeded in raising two balloons (balloons) to about 50 km over Venus. 。 The operation of balloons on Mars has not been realized at the moment, but the consideration itself has been held since the 1980s. For example, a French and Russian research team proposes a plan to observe Mars with a balloon filled with helium, and JAXA (Space Aerospace R & D) and NASA are filled with high -pressure gas, called super pressure balloons. We are conducting research to raise the sky over Mars. The Super Pressure Balloon has a structure that seals gas inside the balloon and has no gas loss. For this reason, it is thought that the air time can be significantly longer than the balloon that adjusts the altitude by pulling out the gas, and it is possible to fly over Mars over several months. In addition to the type of balloon that fills these gases, plans to use a so -called hot air bulb -type balloon that warms up and rises the atmosphere taken from the surroundings with heat. The hot air balloon on the earth warms the air inside the balloon with the heat of the burner, but on Mars is considering using the sun's heat instead of a burner. Expectations have been gathered that if the balloon observations are realized, a wide area will be able to shoot at a higher resolution than the lap satellite camera. In recent years, with the development of virtual reality (VR), it has become possible to see things in a remote place in front of you. In the 17th century when telescope and microscopes developed a new world, the latest technology changes the sense of distance between the people, like the 19th century, when railways and telegraph make the earth smaller (small). It is happening as it is now. If such a method can be applied to the video sent from the balloon, you may be able to travel indirectly on Mars. Of course, it is necessary to consider and discuss whether the virtual experience can be regarded as a trip. However, if the image of Mars seen from the helicopter or balloon spreads in front of you, it will be an interesting experience. ■ Mars sample return mission started! On the other hand, the time when a spacecraft goes to Mars is about to end. A mission to bring back the Geological sample of Mars has started. Persivianance, who landed on Mars in 2021, conducts a survey of Jezero Crater, but also collects rocks at the same time as the survey. The sample is packed in the prepared tube and collected to the predetermined place.

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